Never publish a plan computed from inputs that have since changed

Confirmed: the check run after the optimizer compared only zone sensors,
outdoor temperature, thermostat and relay. A window opening, a UPS load
change or a wind change during the calculation went unnoticed; nothing
prevented an older update that finished late from overwriting a newer
result; and an update in flight during unload still saved.

- Every input a prediction uses is captured as a normalized snapshot
  (zone and outdoor temperatures, wind speed/direction/gust, heat-source
  power, window states, relay state and switch time, thermostat mode and
  target) and compared after the calculation with tolerances (0.25 °C,
  50 W, 1 m/s, 2 m/s gusts, 20° direction around the circle; exact for
  relay, thermostat and windows). A meaningful change discards the plan
  and lists the inputs in changed_inputs; noise does not. No immediate
  recalculation: an off-schedule poll would break the 5-minute learning
  interval; the next regular poll computes a fresh plan.
- Updates are numbered; one overtaken by a newer update, or running when
  the entry unloads, keeps the newer data and skips saving and
  optimizing. Configuration changes reload the entry, so they are covered.
- A per-entry storage lock makes a reloaded coordinator restore only
  after the previous one's save finished, and integration removal waits
  for it too, so a late save cannot recreate a deleted model file.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

custom_components/heating_mpc/data_quality.py

@@ -37,3 +37,37 @@ class ReportAgeHistory:
         else:
             buckets.append([hour, age_seconds])
         return max(age for start, age in buckets if hour - 24 < start <= hour)
+
+
+# How much an input may move while a prediction is computed before the result no
+# longer describes the current situation. Below these, changes are sensor noise.
+INPUT_TOLERANCES = {
+    "temperature": 0.25,   # °C, zone sensors and outdoor sources
+    "power": 50.0,         # W, heat-source sensors
+    "wind": 1.0,           # m/s
+    "wind_gust": 2.0,      # m/s
+    "wind_direction": 20.0,  # degrees, compared around the circle
+}
+
+
+def inputs_differ(before: dict, after: dict) -> list:
+    """Inputs whose change is meaningful: keys are (kind, entity), values normalized.
+
+    Kinds without a tolerance (relay, thermostat mode and target, window states,
+    configuration revision) must match exactly; a value appearing or disappearing
+    (for example a sensor becoming unavailable) always counts.
+    """
+    changed = []
+    for key in sorted(set(before) | set(after), key=str):
+        old, new = before.get(key), after.get(key)
+        tolerance = INPUT_TOLERANCES.get(key[0])
+        if old is None or new is None or tolerance is None:
+            if old != new:
+                changed.append(key)
+            continue
+        difference = abs(new - old)
+        if key[0] == "wind_direction":
+            difference = min(difference, 360.0 - difference)
+        if difference > tolerance:
+            changed.append(key)
+    return changed